Unit 1 Topic 1
I.重点词组
2.learn…from…向……学习
4.in order to为了
5.give support to…为……提供帮助
6.see sth. oneself亲眼所见某物
7.keep in touch with与……保持联系
8.sorts of各种各样的
9.make progress取得进步
11.thanks to由于
II.重点句型
3. Where have you been, Jane?
你去过哪里，简？
4. She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer.
她去古巴当志愿者了。
5. There goes the bell.铃响了。
6. Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy.
虽然我没有时间去旅行，但是我仍然感到很开心。
7. Now our country has developed rapidly.
现在我们国家发展迅速。
III.语法
1.现在完成时态的构成：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
e.g. You have just come back from your hometown.
2.现在完成时态的句式:
e.g. (1) I have been to Mount Huang with my parents.
(2) I haven’t seen him for a long time.
(3) Where have you been?
(4)——Have you ever cleaned a room?
——Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
3. have/ has been与have/has gone的区别
have/has been to sp.表示曾经到过某地——have/has gone to sp.表示已经去了某地
e.g. (1) I have been to Mount Huang with my parents.
(2) She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer.
Unit 1Topic 2
I.重点词组
1. get lost迷路
2. each other彼此
3.at least至少
4.take place发生
5.because of因为
6.be strict with sb.对某人严格要求
7.carry out实行
8.be short of缺乏
9.take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
10.be known as…作为……而著名
11.work well in doing…在……方面起作用
12.a couple of一些
13.keep up with赶上,跟上
II.重点句型
1. Have you found him yet?你已经找到他了吗？
2.——I really hate to go shopping.
我的确讨厌购物。
——So do I.我也如此。
3. But it seems that their living conditions were not very good.但是似乎他们的生活条件不太好。
4. But great changes have already taken place in China recently.但是近来中国已发生了巨大的变化。
5. Because of the one-child policy, now most families have only one child.
由于我国独生子女政策的实行，现在大部分家庭只有一个孩子。
6. What’s the population of the U.S.A.?
美国的人口是多少？
7.——What’s more, the population in developing countries is growing faster.
——So it is.
而且，发展中国家的人口在更快发展。
的确如此。
8. Our government has taken many measures to control the population.
我们的政府已采取了许多控制人口的措施。
III.语法：
常用于现在完成时的时间状语：already, just , yet, ever, never, recently.
1. I havejustcalled you.
2.——Have youeverbeen to France?
——No, I’veneverbeen to any European countries.
3.——Have you seen himyet?
——Yes, I have seen himalready.
Unit 1Topic 3
I.重点词组
1.get used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于……
2.as a matter of fact事实上
4．live a hard life过着艰难的生活
5.in need of需要
6.provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.提供某物给某人
7.one’s success in doing sth.成功完成某事
8.obey strict rules 遵守严格的规则
11.in the past sixteen years在过去的十六年里
12.at home and abroad在国内外
13．pay for付款
14．thousands of成千上万的
II.重点句型
1.You must come for a visit.请你一定来参观。
2.Well, once they find people in deed, they decide on suitable ways to help them.
他们一旦发现有人需要帮助,就选定适当的方式来帮助他们。
3.I think it is important for these people to feel good about themselves.
我认为对于这些人来说,自我感觉良好是重要的。
4.The world has changed for the better.
世界变得更加美好。
5.With the money, it has built thousands of schools and trained 2,300 teachers.
它用这钱修建了数千所学校和图书馆并且培训了2300名教师。
III.语法
1.现在完成时:常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在。
e.g. You have been in New York for a long time.
The city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago.
2.构词法:
合成词: home +work= homework
派生词: use——useful, happy——unhappy
Unit 2Topic 1
I.重点词组
1. chemical factory化工厂
2. pour… into…把……排放到……
3. in a bad mood处在不好的情绪中
4. manage to do sth.设法去做某事
5. do harm to … / be harmful to…对……有害
6. quite a few相当多
7. no better than同…….一样差
8. in pubic公开地
9. all sorts of各种各样的
10.in many ways在许多方面
II.重点句型
1. Look, there are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the streams.
看,有几家化工厂正往河里排放废水.
2. Everything has changed.
一切已发生了变化.
3. How long have you been like this?
你像这样多长时间了?
4. I’m always in a bad mood because I can’t stand the environment here.
我的情绪总是很差因为我受不了这里的环境.
5. However, not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution and is harmful to humans’ health.
然而,并非所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染,而且有害于人类健康.
III.语法
直接引语和间接引语
1. Granny said, “I’m feeling even worse.”
Granny said that she was feeling even worse.
2. “ Do you still want to live here, Granny?” the journalist asked.
The journalist asked Granny if she still wanted to live there.
3. “ How is the environment around this place?” the journalist asked.
The journalist asked how the environment around that place was.
Topic 2
I.重点词组
1. as a result结果
2. here and there到处
3. in the beginning一开始
4. in danger处于危险中
5. cut down砍倒
6. change sth. into sth.把……变成……
7. prevent from防止
8. greenhouse effect温室效应
9. refer to提到
10.deal with处理
12.cut off中断
II.重点句型
1. As we know, none of us likes pollution.众所周知,没有人喜欢污染。
2. Humans have come to realize the important of protecting animals.人类逐渐意识到保护动物的重要性。
3. Trees can also stop the wind blowing the earth away.树木也能防风固土。
4. Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and plants.砍伐树木对人类、动植物都有害。
5. Some things we’ve done are very good for earth while some are not good.
我们所做的,有些对地球很好,而有些不利。
6. They can also prevent the water from washing the earth away.它们也能阻止水土流失。
7. When it rains or when the wind blows, the earth is taken away.天一下雨或刮风,土就会被冲走或刮走。
III.语法
不定代词:
1.定义:指的是那些不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
2.用法:在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。something , somebody, anything, anybody等作主语时，通常视为单数。当形容词修饰它们时，要放在其后。
e.g. But the government has donesomething usefulto protect the environment.
Topic 3
I.重点词组
1. not only…but also…不仅……而且……
2. be supposed to应该
3. ought to应该
4. turn off关掉
5. instead of代替
6. on time准时
7. make sure确保
8. push forward向前推
9. push down向下
10.pull up向上拉
II.重点句型
1. For example, we should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.
例如,我们应该用纸的两面,并且重新使用塑料袋。
2. Everyone is supposed to do that.每个人都有义务那样做.
3. First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.首先,你离开房间时应该随手关灯。
4. Easier said than done.说起来容易做起来难。
5. Well, actions speak louder than words.嗯,百说不如一做。
6. There will be a lot of hard work to do tomorrow, so make sure you go to bed early tonight.
明天有许多繁重的活要干,今晚一定要早睡。
III.语法
并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。
结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句
常用的并列连词有：and, or, but, while, not only… but also
e.g. 1. The river is dirty and the temperature of the earth is rising.
2. They work well, but they are slow and can’t run for long.
Unit 3 Topic1
一.重点词语
1.be able to=can能够,会
2.can’t wait to do sth.迫不急待地做某事
3.have a (good) chance to do sth.有(好)机会做某事
4.practice doing sth.练习做某事
5.be made by…被……制做;be made of/from…由……制成;be made in…在某地制造
6.on business出差
7.be similar to…和……相似
8.translate…into…把……翻译成……
9.have no/some trouble (in) doing sth.做某事没有/有些困难
10.once in a while=sometimes/at times偶尔,间或
11.whenever=no matter when无论何时
12.as well as以及
13.mother tongue母语
14.take the leading position处于领先地位
15.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
16.call for号召
二.重点句型
1.Disneylandis enjoyed bymillions of people from all over the world.世界上数以百万的人们都喜欢迪斯尼乐园。
2.I hopeI can go there one day.希望有一天我能去那儿。
3.Englishiswidelyspokenaround the world.英语在世界上被广泛使用。
4.Itisalsospoken as a second languagein many countries.
在许多国家它也被用作第二语言。
5.It is possible thatyou will have some trouble.你可能会遇到一些麻烦。
6.It’s used asthe first languagebymost peopleinAmerica,Canada,Australia ,Great Britain andNew Zealand.
它被美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、英国和新西兰的大多数人用作第一语言。
7.Andtwo thirdsof the world’s scientists read English.
并且世界上三分之二的科学家用英语阅读。
三.语法学习
一般现在时的被动语态
英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态。
如：We clean the classroom.我们打扫教室。主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。
如：The classroom is cleaned (by us).教室被（我们）打扫。
1．被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+（by+宾语）
其中by意为“被……；由……”，表动作的执行者。
如：The glass is broken by that boy.玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。
be有人称、数和时态的变化，其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
如：Englishiswidelyspokenaround the world.（肯定式）
Englishis notwidelyspokenaround the world.（否定式）
IsEnglish widelyspokenaround the world?（疑问式）
Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
2．被动语态的用法：
（1）在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下可用被动语态。如：This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。
（2）要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态。如：Her bike is stolen.她的自行车被偷了。
3．主、被动语态的转换：
主动语态：主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语（+其它）
被动语态：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语（+其它）
注意：
（1）主动、被动互转时，时态不变。
（2）主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动态by的宾语时，要用宾格形式。如：
(1) Peoplegrowrice in the south.
Riceis grown(by people) in the south.
(2)Shetakes care of the baby.
The baby is taken care of (by her).
四.交际用语：谈论英语的广泛使用
1.---You’ll have a good chance to practice speaking English there.
---You’re right.
2.---But I’m not good at English. I’m a little afraid. ---Don’t worry.
3.---Is Spanish similar to English?
---Not really.
Topic 2
一.重点词语
1.by the way顺便说一下
2.depend on取决于……；依靠……
3.be different from与……不同
4.succeed in成功，达成
5.make yourself understood表达你自己的意思
6.on one’s way to在某人去……的路上
7.see sb. Off给……送行
8.leave for…前往某地/leave…for…离开…去…
9.in twenty minutes二十分钟之后
10.written English笔头英语/oral English英语口语
11.generally speaking一般说来，大致上说
12.as for sb./sth.至于某人/某物
13.be close to…靠近……
14.in person身体上，外貌上；亲自
15.be found of…爱好……
16.be forced to do sth.被迫做……/force sb.to do强迫某人做某事
17.even worse更糟的是
二.重点句型
1.Is Australia Englishthe same asBritish English?澳式英语和英式英语一样吗?
2.English is spokendifferentlyindifferentEnglish-speaking countries.
不同的国家使用不同的英语。
3.For example, there aredifferences betweenBritish EnglishandAmerican English.例如，在英式英语和美式英语之间有些不同点。
4I can’t believe thatI’m flying to Disneyland.我简直不敢相信我就要飞往迪斯尼乐园了。
5.I hope I won’t have any difficulty.我希望不会遇到什么困难。
6.Wheneveryou need help, send me an-mail or telephone me.
无论何时你需要帮忙，给我发电子邮件或打电话。
7.Not onlychildrenbut alsoadults enjoy spending their holidays in Disneyland.不但青少年而且成年人也喜欢到迪斯尼乐园度假。
三、语法学习
用现在进行时表示将来
现在进行时表示将来时，常有“意图”、“安排”（但不是固定不变的）或“打算”含义。它表示最近或较近的将来，所用的动词多是位移动词。
如：come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die
例：I’m going.我要走了。 When are you starting?你什么时候动身？
Don’t worry. The train is arriving here soon.别着急，火车马上就到了。
表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外，亦可用于某些非位移动词。
如：My uncle is meeting us tomorrow.我叔叔明天会见我们。
She is buying a new bike soon.她不久将买一辆新自行车。
四.交际用语：谈论不同国家英语的不同点并了解交际中的身体语言
1.I can’t follow you. Can you speak more slowly, please?
2.Oh, it sounds interesting.
3.If you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differences
4.---What’s up? ---The foreigner is asking for a ride.
5.Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.