八年级上册英语（1~2）单元语法、短语和知识点总结
1.不定代词和不定副词的用法：
some body
any one
every thing
no where（疑问副词）
不定代词和不定副词
（1）左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词；
（2）一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（no one为两个单词)；every开头的单词强调每一个；
（3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用something，形容词important放后）
Did you buy anything special? （一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后）
Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？
(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)
（4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。
2. quite a few相当多,不少（后跟可数名词复数）
He has quite a few friends.他有不少朋友。take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间
3.buy sb sth = buy sth for sb为某人买某物 (buy的过去式为bought)
My mother bought me a sweater=My mother bought a sweater for me.我妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。
4.taste（尝起来）、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）为感官动词，后跟形容词
The food tastes delicious.这食品尝起来非常可口。
The T-shirt looks beautiful.这件体恤衫看起来很漂亮。
The songs sound beautiful.这些歌曲听起来很优美。
5.have a good\\great\\fun time过得高兴，玩得愉快（=enjoy oneself）
They had a good time yesterday.= They enjoyed themselves yesterday.他们昨天玩得很开心。 6. seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem+（to be）+形容词：看起来…The work seems（to be）easy.这工作看起来很容易。
7. arrive in+大地方：达到某地
arrive at+小地方：达到某地
get to +地方：达到某地 (get的过去式为got)
He arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天达到北京。
若是arrive和ge后跟home、there、 here三个地点副词，后面的介词in\\at\o必须去掉。
Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。
8.decide to do sth:决定做某事He decided to go home.他决定回家。
9. try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.尽力去做某事
The boy tried riding bicycle.这个小孩试着骑自行车
He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮助这个老年人。
10. feel like给…的感觉；感受到
（补充）feel like doing sth想做某事
He felt like going shopping.他想去购物。
11.enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事He enjoys playing basketball.他喜欢打篮球。
12.difference(名词，差异，差别)---- different(形容词，不同的)
13.start doing sth：开始做某事
（= start to do sth）
He started doing his homework. 他开始做家庭作业。
14. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。
Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.昨天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。
too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。
We have too much work to do.我们有很多工作要做。
Don't talk too much.不要说太多。
much too 太，后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me.这帽子对我来说太大。
You're walking much too fast.你走地太快了。
15. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词（即动词+ing），不能接句子。
because因为，后跟句子。
He can't go to school because of the rain.他因为下雨没去上学。（rain为名词）
He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。（get为动词） = He was late for school because he got up late.
I don't buy the shirt because it was too expensive.我没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。
16.enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前
He has enough money .他有足够的钱。(money为名词)
enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。
He is old enough to go to school. (old为形容词)
16. forget doing sth.忘记已经做过某事（已经做完）
forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（还未做） (forget的过去式为forgot)
Don't foget to close the door.不要忘记关上门。（门还未关）
He forgot closing the door.他忘记已经关上门了。（门已经关上，但是他忘了）
18.so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…
too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…
形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事（注意三个句型有时可以互换）
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
19.tell sb (not) to do sth:告诉某人（不要）做某事
My mother often tells us not to play in the street.我的妈妈经常告诉我们不要在街上玩。
20.主要频率副词的等级排序：always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)
这些副词在句子中的位置，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。即："行"前"助(系)"后。 Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到。
I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。
提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词，用 How often I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视→How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？)
21.want sth：需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔。
want to do sth:想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视。
want sb to do sth:让某人做某事 My mother wants me to get up early.妈妈让我早起。
22.be good for对……有好处 be bad for 对……有害处
Swimming is good for our health.游泳对我们的健康有好处。
Watching TV is bad for our eyes.看电视对我们的眼睛有害处。
23.ask sb about sth：问某人某事
My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常问我的学习情况。
24.in one's spare time在某人业余时间
He studies English in his spare time.他在业余时间学习英语。
25.not…at all:一点儿也不 （not构成否定句）
I don't like the movie at all.我一点也不喜欢这部电影。
26.although(虽然)不能与but连用，但可以与yet ,still 连用。
Although it is dark ,they are still working.虽然天黑了，但他们仍在工作。
Although he is old ,he is quite strong.他虽然年龄大了，但身体很健壮。
27.the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式
The best way to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语。
28. such as比如 （后跟名词或名词短语）,for example 例如（后跟句子）
He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他喜欢水果，例如苹果、香蕉等。
He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.他有许多好的方法学习英语，例如，他经常听磁带。