新课标英语高频考点解析合集(3)必修1 Unit 1夯实基础逆袭英语
重点高频句型全析全解
一、While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候不小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。
careless adjective
反义词 carelful粗心的
careless, not taking or showing enough care and attention 不小心的；粗心的，马虎的
My son's teacher says that his work is often rather careless.我儿子的老师说他做作业经常粗心大意。
He made a careless (= without thinking) remark about her appearance that really upset her.
他对她外貌的一句随意的评价让她很不快。
careless NO WORRY 不担忧的literary relaxed, natural and free from worry 不经意的，无忧无虑的
carelessly，adver
He told me off for driving carelessly.:他责备我开车不小心。
While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，这是状语从句的省略。
在when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等连词(词组)引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而从句主语又同主句的主语相同或为是代词it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。
1. When (I was) in Vancouver, I took many beautiful pictures.在温哥华时，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。
2. While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.我边等待，边看报纸。
3. If (it were) not for you, I would not go there.要不是为你，我就不会去那儿了。
4. He looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。（如果用he were drunk其实是没有喝醉，如果用he is drunk则表示真的喝醉了。）
5. She went on working though (she was) exhausted.尽管她精疲力竭，但仍继续工作。
6. Fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所给词填空，必要的地方改变形式。
7. I won't go unless (I'm) invited.除非被邀请，否则我不会去。
[先学后练1 ]
When first _____to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A．introducing B．introduced
C．introduce D．being introduced
解析：将从句补全应为When these products were first introduced to the market，主从句主语一致且从句中有be，可以省略主语和be。
_______'
Keys：B
二、...tell him/her that he/she should have studied...……告诉他/她本该学习……
should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；而shouldn't have done则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。
1. You should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就该做完作业。
2. You shouldn't have told him about it.你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。
高频考点拓展储备：“情态动词＋have＋done”结构汇总：
(1)must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定……”。
(2)can't/couldn't have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能……”。
(3)needn't have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做……”。
(4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done
(5)might/may have done过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。
(6)could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做……”。
(7)would have done愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做……”。
[先学后练 2]
Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.
A.shouldn't eat
B.mustn't have eaten
C.shouldn't have eaten
D.mustn't eat
感悟解析：
由just now可知，本题谈论过去之事。谈论过去之事，在should或must之后接不定式的完成式。must表示推测只用于肯定句中，shouldn’t have done表说话之前不应该做某事，但事实上却做了，含有责备的口气。
______
Keys：C
三、...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...……这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚……
It is/was the first time(that)．..这是一个固定句式，it可换成this或that; first可换成second, third等，以表达不同的意义。特别注意: 用is与was是有很大区别的，而且是个高频语法考点。
1. This is the fourth time she's rung you in a week.这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。
2. It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是他第二次单独跟她外出。
3. It will be the second time that I have got the prize.那将是我第二次获得该奖。
核心语法提示：
(1)It is the first time that...后接现在完成时；It was the first time that...后接过去完成时；It will be the first time that...后接现在完成时。
(2)the first time可起从属连词作用，引导时间状语从句。
The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.我第一次见到她时，心脏都停止了跳动。
(3)for the first time意为“第一次”，单独用作状语。
He was cheated for the first time.他第一次被骗了。
[先学后练 3]
—Have you ever been here before?
—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall.
A．comes B．have been
C．came D．had come
解析：This is the first time that...之后的从句需要用现在完成时态。如果改为This was the first time that...就要用过去完成时态，所以D是最大干扰项。
__________'
keys：B
四、Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。
“with＋n.＋形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/动词不定式”这种结构在句中经常做状语，表示原因、方式或伴随状态。如果分词的动作与前面的名词是主动关系，用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词；如果表示一个未来的动作就用不定式。
六种with复合结构梳理
with结构也称为with复合结构，是由with+复合宾语组成，常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列6种形式
1. with + 名词 (或代词) + 现在分词，此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系
With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语）
With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况）
2. with + 名词 (或代词) + 过去分词，此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系
I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。（伴随情况）
She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。（原因状语）
3. with + 名词 (或代词) + 动词不定式，此时，不定式表示将发生的动作
With no one to talk to, John felt miserable. 由于没人可以说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。（原因状语）
With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。（原因状语）
4. with + 名词 (或代词) + 形容词
I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。（伴随情况）
With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。（原因状语）
5. with + 名词 (或代词) + 介词短语
With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）
The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵让他背朝着他的父亲站在那儿。（行为方式）
五、with符合结构综合实用例句with + 名词 (或代词) + 副词/介词语/分词done ，to do，or ing形式（done表示被动动作，to do表示将来动作或通常情况，ing形式表示正在进行的动作）
1. He fell asleep with the light on. 他睡着了，灯还亮着。（with + 名词 (或代词) + 副词，伴随情况）
2. The boy stood there with his head in his arms. 这个男孩双手抱着头头站在那儿。（with + 名词 (或代词) +介词短语，伴随情况）
3. He lay on his back, with his eyes looking up into the sky. 他躺着，眼瞅着天空。（with + 名词 (或代词) +形式，伴随状语)
4. With his homework done, he went out to play.完成作业，他就出去玩了。（with + 名词 (或代词) +done形式，时间状语)
5. With the guide to lead us, we'll have no difficulty finding his house.有导游带路，我们将不费力地找到他家。（with + 名词 (或代词) +to do形式，时间状语)
6. He came in, with a book in his hand.他手里拿着一本书走了进来。（with + 名词 (或代词) +介词语，伴随状语)
7. He is used to sleeping with the windows open.他已经习惯了开着窗户睡觉。（with + 名词 (或代词) +形容词，伴随状语)
8. He often sleeps with the light on.他经常开着灯睡觉。（with + 名词 (或代词) +副词，伴随状语)
[先学后练 4 ]
____ five minutes ____ before the last bus left, we arrived at the station.
A. There were; go B. With; to go
C. It was; left D. It had; left
感悟解析：本题考查with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋动词不定式宾语补足语表示将来的动作”。本题用不定式做宾补表示将来的动作。句意：在最后一班公交车离开的前五分钟，我们到了车站。
keys：B，A是最大干扰项。
重视词法、句法、语法，夯实英语基础，高考英语逆袭从这里的！欢迎文后赞赏！
语录网网友观点：订正careless adjective
❌反义词 carelful粗心的
✔正确careful粗心的,